Table of Contents
Part of installing an air conditioner in your house is to know the right size of wire for the AC unit. You might’ve encountered the terms 10/2 and 10/3 wires either from reading facts about aircon online or from the HVAC technicians themselves.
Either way, these terms will help you determine what is the suitable type of wiring system you need to install for your air conditioner. But what exactly is the difference between a 10/2 or 10/3 wire?
Wiring is required in all air conditioners. Of course, you’ll need to use wires of the proper size. In this case, the 10/2 or 10/3 wire comes to mind when thinking of AC units. Because of this, we frequently run into arguments over 10/2 or 10/3 wire for air conditioners.
A 10/2 is split into two equal parts. The second number, in this case, 2, denotes the number of conductors in the wire. The first number, 10, denotes the size of the wire in the American Wire Gauge (AWG) unit. Thus, a 10/2 wire has a 10 gauge hot wire that is insulated in black, a 10 gauge neutral wire that is insulated in white, and a 10 gauge ground wire that is insulated in black or usually green or bare.
On the other hand, a wire that is designated as 10/3 size has 3 strands of 10-gauge conductors and a ground wire. Thus, it’s composed of a 10-gauge ground wire, a 10-gauge neutral wire, and two 10-gauge hot wires that are typically insulated as black and red.
When we discuss the gauge size, we are referring to the wire size. Gauge sizes with higher numbers denote thicker wires. You can be sure that picking the right gauge is crucial.
When something requires dual voltage, we use a 10/3 wire. It implies that a particular appliance requires two distinct voltages to carry out two functions at the same time. Only when an appliance at the destination requires 110v does a 10/3 wire’s additional neutral wire become necessary. A dual voltage aircon means that it can run from 110V-220V power output. Or in some parts of the world, it can run from 100V-240V.
On the other hand, a 10/2 wire is used for standard air conditioning units since these are commonly single circuit appliances. The wire size is ideal because it can carry both the AC’s heating and cooling elements.
The best way to know the power requirements of your aircon is to check the user’s manual. The device can work with AC voltage outlets from all over the world when the voltage reading is given as a range of numbers, such as 110V-220V or 100-240V. This gadget is referred to as “dual voltage” or “worldwide voltage.”
Meanwhile, it’s a single voltage device if you see something on the power label that looks more like 110V AC or 120V AC. For international travel, single voltage devices need both a plug adapter and a voltage converter, and/or a transformer.
It is advised to use 10/2 wire for air conditioners. Only dual voltage appliances, which are less common, require a 10/3 wire.
On the other hand, a 10/3 wire has an additional conductor that enables it to carry 120 and 240 volts. However, a 10/2 wire will be adequate unless your air conditioner specifically calls for this kind of wiring. Additionally, 10/2 wire is more affordable than 10/3, making it a more cost-effective choice.
According to the circuit’s amperage, the gauge must fit properly. An example is a window air conditioner. If the appliance is a 20-amp air conditioner, a 12-gauge wire is needed. Additionally, a 30-amp air conditioner will use a 10-gauge wire rather than a 12-gauge wire. The gauges may also change if your AC unit has a summer heating option.
This is so that a dual voltage appliance, which has both a cooling and heating option, can use the 10/3 wire. It’s important to remember that this only applies in certain circumstances. Moreover, your system will operate more effectively if the wires are the right size, which will reduce your energy costs. It will also increase the longevity of your AC unit.
Unless you have prior knowledge when it comes to wiring and other related skills of a technician, then it’s better to ask an expert to do the deed for you.
For instance, it’s very important to always check to see if your 10/2 or 10/3 wire includes a ground wire, as ground wires have been shown to be very effective in preventing damage to your air conditioner from power surges.
Your air conditioner will be vulnerable to power surges if there isn’t a ground wire. It will not be safe from power surges and will eventually sustain damage. Consequently, you need a ground wire.
If you are planning to invest in an air conditioner, you cannot avoid facing many technical terms regarding its parts, installation method, and anything that’s related to it. It can be overwhelming at first but remember you’re not alone in this type of situation.
There are HVAC experts and technicians that will guide you in choosing the right aircon for your house, and what type of wiring system is suitable to increase the efficiency of your air conditioner. In this case, it’s important to know the difference between the 10/2 or 10/3 wire because it provides safety and assurance for yourself, your family, and your home.
It is frequently employed when wiring 220-volt outlets. Commonly, 10/3 is used to run small kitchen ranges, air conditioners, and dryers. Up to 30-amp appliances can be powered by 10/3 wire.
The majority of 220V tools require a 30 amp circuit. Running a 10/2 to the outlet is required. Typically, 10/2 copper wire can handle 35 amps of constant load and up to 40 amps of start loads.